Izihlalo zabakhubazekile zikagesi, njengethuluzi elivelayo lokuhamba kancane, liye laqashelwa kancane kancane ngabantu abaningi asebekhulile nabakhubazekile. Siyithenga kanjani i-isihlalo sabakhubazekile sikagesi esingabizi kakhulu?

Njengomuntu osebenza ngaphakathi embonini iminyaka engaphezu kweyishumi, ngingathanda ukukusiza kafushane ukuxazulula le nkinga ngezici eziningana. Into yokuqala okudingeka siyazi ukuthi isimo seqembu ngalinye kanye nomsebenzisi kanye nendawo yokusetshenziswa kuhlukile, okuholela ekuhlukaniseni imikhiqizo ethengiwe.

Izinto ezivamile zihlukaniswe kakhulu ngensimbi yekhabhoni, i-aluminium alloy, i-aerospace titanium aluminium alloy kanye ne-magnesium alloy, i-carbon fibre.

1. Izinto zensimbi yekhabhoni.

Uhlaka lwensimbi yekhabhoni lusetshenziswa kakhulu ezihlalweni zabakhubazekile ezisindayo kanti eminye imikhiqizo ekhiqizwa amafektri amancane, izihlalo zabakhubazekile ezisindayo zisebenzisa uhlaka lwensimbi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ubulukhuni bomzimba kanye nokuqina kokushayela, isibonelo, amaloli amaningi amakhulu anezinhlaka zensimbi kanti izimoto ezincane zingasebenzisa i-aluminium yisona sizathu, izimboni ezincane zikhiqiza izihlalo zabakhubazekile zisebenzisa ohlaka lwensimbi ngoba lolu hlobo lwezidingo zenqubo yokucubungula nokushisela ziphansi kakhulu, izindleko nazo ziphansi kakhulu. Isizathu sokuthi izimboni ezincane zisebenzisa ohlaka lwensimbi ngoba zidinga umsebenzi omncane kanye nokushisela futhi zishibhile.

2. I-aluminium kanye ne-titanium-aluminium alloy

I-aluminium alloy kanye ne-titanium aluminium alloy, lezi zinto ezimbili zithatha iningi lemakethe yezihlalo zabakhubazekile zikagesi, ziyizinhlobo ezimbili ezahlukene ze-aluminium ezingu-7001 kanye no-7003, okungukuthi, i-aluminium enezinye izinto ezixubile ezingeziwe kuyo, izici zazo ezivamile ziphansi kokuqina kanye namandla aphezulu, ukumelana okuhle kwe-plasticity kanye nokumelana nokugqwala, uma sikubeka ngendlela enembile ilula futhi iqinile futhi icutshungulwa kahle, kuyilapho i-titanium aluminium alloy ibizwa nangokuthi i-titanium-aluminium alloy ngenxa yamandla ayo kanye nokumelana nokugqwala. Njengoba iphuzu lokuncibilika kwe-titanium liphezulu kakhulu, lifinyelela kuma-degrees angu-1942, okungaphezu kwama-degrees angu-900 aphezulu kunegolide, inqubo yokucubungula kanye nokushisela ngokwemvelo inzima kakhulu futhi ayikwazi ukukhiqizwa yisitshalo esincane sokucubungula, ngakho-ke izihlalo zabakhubazekile ezenziwe nge-titanium-aluminium alloy zibiza kakhulu. Eyokuqala ifanele ukusetshenziswa njalo kanye nezimo ezinhle zomgwaqo kanye nokushayela, kuyilapho abasebenzisi abayisebenzisa njalo, ngokuvamile kudingeka bayithwale, futhi bavame ukushayela emigodini nasemigwaqweni enamaqhubu bangakhetha isihlalo sabakhubazekile esenziwe nge-titanium-aluminium alloy.

3. Ingxubevange ye-magnesium

I-magnesium alloy isekelwe ku-magnesium ukuze ihlanganise nezinye izakhi ze-alloy. Izici zayo yilezi: ukuminyana okuncane, amandla aphezulu, i-modulus ephezulu yokunwebeka, ukushaqeka okuhle kokushisa, ukumuncwa okuhle kokushaqeka, ikhono lokubekezelela imithwalo yokushaywa kune-aluminium alloy, esetshenziswa kakhulu yi-magnesium-aluminium alloy. I-magnesium iyinsimbi elula kunazo zonke ezisebenzayo, enobukhulu obuthile obungaba yizingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu kune-aluminium kanye nengxenye eyodwa kwezine yensimbi, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-magnesium ku- ozimele bezihlalo zabakhubazekilekuhloswe ukufeza "ukukhanya" okwengeziwe ngesisekelo se-aluminium.